Hong Kong 50 Year Agreement
Hong Kong`s problems began when the British returned the region to China in 1997 after a century and a half of colonial rule. Under their agreement, Hong Kong was to enjoy a 50-year transition period during which it would retain its capitalist economy and democratic freedoms under policies known as “one country, two systems.” By 2047, the city is expected to fall under full Chinese control. As the protests enter their 12th week, it is clear that the issue of 2047 is becoming increasingly relevant. The growing attention of young protesters on issues such as democratic reforms – promised in the Basic Law – underscores the desire to protect Hong Kong`s freedoms in the coming years. The handover marked the end of British rule in Hong Kong, Britain`s last major overseas territory. Although British Hong Kong did not have priority status over the other British dependent territories under the law established by Parliament (as they were classified at the time before the introduction of the term British Overseas Territory in 2002), Hong Kong was by far the most populous and economically strong. In 1997, the colony had about 6.5 million inhabitants, which represented about 97% of the population of all British dependent territories at the time (the second largest, Bermuda, with a population of only about 62,000 in 1997). With a gross domestic product of about $180 billion in the last year of British rule,[145] Hong Kong`s economy was about 11% as large as Britain`s. [146] Although the economies of the United Kingdom and Hong Kong were measured separately, the retrocession meant that the British economy in the broadest sense became much smaller (in comparison, the takeover of Hong Kong increased the size of the Chinese economy, which was then smaller than that of the United Kingdom, by 18.4%).
[147] Compared to Hong Kong, Bermuda (like its population, the largest economically of the remaining British territories) had a GDP of only $4.7 billion in 2017. [148] Mainland China has the second largest economy in the world with $14.3 trillion after the United States with $21.4 trillion. China has built its economy on the development of heavy industry and has increased the country`s industrial and service production over the years. Recently, consumer demand has spurred growth. However, after a more difficult year in 2018, in which the country was embroiled in a trade war with the United States, China`s economy experienced its slowest growth in 28 years. This event ended 156 years of British colonial rule in Hong Kong. The territory was Britain`s last major possession abroad. With a population of around 6.5 million in 1997, Hong Kong accounted for 97% of the total population of all British dependent territories at the time. The handover is considered by some to be the definitive end of the British Empire. Due to the growing pressure on the pro-independence Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) to participate in the cross-strait development developed by the CPC KMT in recent years, the DPP finally softened its stance on its Taiwanese independence movement when former President Frank Hsieh on September 4-8. October 2012 visited mainland China, a revolutionary visit of the highest rank of the DPP.
although he claimed that the trip was made in a private capacity and as a non-politician. [55] The DPP also established his party`s China Affairs Committee on November 21, 2012[56] and proposed the General Framework for One China (Simplified Chinese: 大一中原則) on May 27, 2014, led by former President Shih Ming-the. [57] “My biggest fear is that we won`t be able to say what we want, to express our opinion, to fight for what we think is right. Slowly, we are losing more rights and freedoms. And I may not be able to stay here to be interviewed by you as 2047 approaches. Zoe Fung, 24, nurse “We are still within the deadline of the promise to `stay unchanged for 50 years`. If we don`t do anything now, we can`t expect them (China) to do anything when that 50-year promise expires. We need to think about the future Hong Kongers, our next generation. We must fight for the rights to which we are entitled (promised during the transfer of power). Daniel Tai, 25, health professional “Of course, it`s vague, but it`s clear that politics on the continent can change after 50 years. They don`t have to change, but they can change,” said Simon Young, a professor at the University of Hong Kong`s Faculty of Law.
In the year following the transfer, surveys showed a high level of satisfaction with Beijing`s non-interventionist relationship with the former colony. [12] The document enshrines the rights and freedoms – including freedom of expression, assembly and an independent judiciary – inherent in the “one country, two systems” formula that underpins the Beijing-London agreement. The UK, which has also ended its extradition deal with the region, said it would allow three million Hong Kongers to settle in the country and apply for citizenship. Canada announced measures to facilitate the education and work of Hong Kong youth in the country and created pathways to permanent residence. The European Union, which said it was “gravely concerned” about the national security law, has limited exports of equipment that China could use to crack down and vowed to relax visa and asylum policies for Hong Kong residents. In April 1997, the acting immigration officer of the U.S. Consulate General, James DeBates, was suspended after his wife was arrested for smuggling Chinese migrants into the United States. [38] The previous year, his predecessor Jerry Stuchiner had been arrested for smuggling false Honduran passports into the country before being sentenced to 40 months in prison.
[39] “Hong Kong will not change for 50 years,” Deng said. “After 50 years, there will be no reason to change.” The communist press published reports that the project was a diabolical plan to dry hong Kong before the handover and leave the region heavily in debt. [135] After three years of negotiations, the UNITED KINGDOM and the PRC finally reached an agreement on the construction of the new airport and signed a Memorandum of Understanding. [136] By removing the hills and reclaiming land, it took only a few years for the new airport to be built. China on Tuesday passed a national security law for Hong Kong, jeopardizing the “one country, two systems” policy that would last another 27 years. .
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